μ-opioid modulation of HIV-1 coreceptor expressionand HIV-1 replication

Venom Components of Iranian Scorpion Hemiscorpius lepturus Inhibit the Growth and Replication of Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 (HIV-1)

Background: During the recent years, significant progress has been achieved on development of novel anti-viral drugs. Natural products are assumed as the potential sources of novel anti-viral drugs; therefore, there are some previous studies reporting the anti-viral compounds from venomous animals. Based on the significant value for tracing of non-toxic anti-viral agents from natural resources,...

HIV - 1 Replication Rate

Antiviral drugs have been known to prolong the lives of HIV infected patients. However, it is still uncertain if antiviral drugs affect the rate of virion clearance, the loss of target cells, or both. In this study, we used mathematical models to measure the effects of a protease inhibitor on three infected patients. After analysis of this data, we were able to calculate the' lifespans of free ...

HIV-1-specific CTLs effectively suppress replication of HIV-1 in HIV-1-infected macrophages.

Both CD4+ T cells and macrophages are major reservoirs of HIV-1. Previous study showed that HIV-1-specific cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTLs) hardly recognize HIV-1-infected CD4+ T cells because of Nef-mediated HLA class I down-regulation, suggesting that HIV-1 escapes from HIV-1-specific CTLs and continues to replicate in HIV-1-infected donors. On the other hand, the CTL recognition of HIV-1-infec...

Hyperthermia Stimulates HIV-1 Replication

HIV-infected individuals may experience fever episodes. Fever is an elevation of the body temperature accompanied by inflammation. It is usually beneficial for the host through enhancement of immunological defenses. In cultures, transient non-physiological heat shock (42-45°C) and Heat Shock Proteins (HSPs) modulate HIV-1 replication, through poorly defined mechanisms. The effect of physiologic...

Biological and Molecular Aspects of HIV-1 Coreceptor Usage